Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are the climate action plans submitted by countries under the Paris Agreement, outlining their commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change. These plans serve as the cornerstone of global efforts to limit warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and foster climate resilience.

In the African context, NDCs are pivotal tools for advancing sustainable development and addressing the continent’s unique vulnerabilities to climate change. African nations face disproportionate climate risks, including extreme weather events, droughts, floods, and rising temperatures, despite contributing minimally to global emissions. NDCs provide a framework for African countries to integrate climate action into national policies while striving for economic growth, poverty alleviation, and social equity.